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      1. python 实现两个线程交替执行

        时间:2023-12-16

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                  要实现两个线程交替执行,可以通过线程同步技术,如锁、条件变量来实现。下面我详细讲解一下完整攻略:

                  1. 创建两个线程对象

                  首先,我们需要创建两个线程对象,该线程对象实例化Thread类即可。例如:

                  import threading
                  
                  thread1 = threading.Thread(target=func1)
                  thread2 = threading.Thread(target=func2)
                  
                  1. 确定线程执行的函数

                  我们需要为每个线程确定一个函数,该函数会在线程被启动时执行。例如:

                  def func1():
                      pass
                  
                  def func2():
                      pass
                  
                  1. 定义锁对象

                  为了避免两个线程同时运行同一段代码,我们需要创建一个锁对象,即threading.Lock()。例如:

                  lock = threading.Lock()
                  
                  1. 定义线程执行的代码

                  我们需要为每个线程编写执行代码。这个代码会被一个线程执行。

                  例如,一个线程在执行时可能需要先申请锁,以便其他线程不能同时执行该段代码:

                  def func1():
                      with lock:
                          # 线程执行代码
                          pass
                  
                  1. 启动线程

                  我们需要通过start()方法来启动两个线程。例如:

                  thread1.start()
                  thread2.start()
                  
                  1. 等待线程执行完毕

                  我们需要在主线程中等待两个线程执行完毕,可以使用join()方法。例如:

                  thread1.join()
                  thread2.join()
                  

                  下面是两条示例说明:

                  示例1

                  下面是一个例子,展示了如何实现两个线程交替执行:

                  import threading
                  
                  lock = threading.Lock()
                  
                  def func1():
                      for i in range(5):
                          with lock:
                              print('Thread 1')
                  
                  def func2():
                      for i in range(5):
                          with lock:
                              print('Thread 2')
                  
                  thread1 = threading.Thread(target=func1)
                  thread2 = threading.Thread(target=func2)
                  
                  thread1.start()
                  thread2.start()
                  
                  thread1.join()
                  thread2.join()
                  

                  在上面的代码中,我们分别创建了func1和func2两个线程函数。这两个函数会交替执行,每个函数循环5次。实现了两个线程的交替执行。

                  示例2

                  下面是另一个例子,展示了如何实现两个线程交替执行的同时,对全局变量进行读写操作:

                  import threading
                  
                  lock = threading.Lock()
                  global_variable = 0
                  
                  def func1():
                      global global_variable
                      for i in range(5):
                          with lock:
                              global_variable += 1
                              print(f'Thread 1: {global_variable}')
                  
                  def func2():
                      global global_variable
                      for i in range(5):
                          with lock:
                              global_variable += 1
                              print(f'Thread 2: {global_variable}')
                  
                  thread1 = threading.Thread(target=func1)
                  thread2 = threading.Thread(target=func2)
                  
                  thread1.start()
                  thread2.start()
                  
                  thread1.join()
                  thread2.join()
                  

                  在上面的代码中,我们分别创建了func1和func2两个线程函数。这两个函数会交替执行,每个函数循环5次。同时对全局变量global_variable进行读写操作。需要注意的是,在读写全局变量时,要在with lock的语句块内进行。这样,就可以确保没有两个线程同时读写全局变量。

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