在 Kivy 中动态构建下拉菜单

问题描述

我想根据类的字典属性在 kivy 中创建下拉列表.但是在循环中创建这些东西要么让 Kivy 感到困惑，要么让我感到困惑.这是我所拥有的:

I'd like to create dropdown-lists in kivy based on a dictionary property of a class. But something about creating these in a loop is either confusing Kivy or I am just confused. Here's what I have:

for main, ingrediants in self.ingrediants.items():
    print main, ingrediants
    dropdown = DropDown()

    for ingrediant in ingrediants:
        btn = Button(text=ingrediant, size_hint_y=None, height=44)
        btn.bind(on_release=lambda btn: dropdown.select(btn.text))
        dropdown.add_widget(btn)

    trigger = Button(text=main, size_hint=(None, None))
    trigger.bind(on_release=dropdown.open)
    dropdown.bind(on_select=lambda instance, x: setattr(trigger, 'text', x))

    self.toolbar.dropdown_bar.add_widget(trigger)

这是我的财产的样子:

ingrediants = DictProperty(
    {
        'Milk': ['Whole Milk', 'Soy', 'Creamer'],
        'Coffee': ['Drip Coffee', 'Espresso', 'Pour Over'],
        'Sugar': ['Sugar', 'Simple Syrup', 'Raw Sugar'],
    }
)

当这个渲染时，下拉栏看起来是正确的，三个按钮，但是，牛奶一个没有触发下拉目，咖啡一个触发它的下拉次，但选择时，改变糖按钮的文本，第三个按钮正常工作，触发下拉菜单并在选择时更改按钮文本.

When this renders, the dropdown bar looks correct, three buttons, BUT, the milk one does not trigger a dropdown, the coffee one triggers it's dropdown, but when selected, changes the sugar button's text, and the third button works normally, triggering a dropdown and changing the buttons text on selection.

我觉得我的循环做错了.但也许你不能像这样声明下拉菜单?谢谢.

I feel like I'm just doing something wrong with my loop. But maybe you can't declare dropdowns like this? Thanks.

这是我必须做的才能让它工作.

Here's what I had to do to get it working.

dropdowns = {}
for main, ingrediants in self.ingrediants.iteritems():
    dropdowns[main] = DropDown()

    for ingrediant in ingrediants:
        btn = Button(text=ingrediant, size_hint_y=None, height=44)
        btn.bind(on_release=lambda btn=btn, dropdown=dropdowns[main]: dropdown.select(btn.text))
        dropdowns[main].add_widget(btn)

    trigger = Button(text=main, size_hint=(None, 1))

    trigger.bind(on_release=dropdowns[main].open)
    dropdowns[main].bind(on_select=lambda instance, x, trigger=trigger: setattr(trigger, 'text', x))
    self.toolbar.dropdown_bar.add_widget(trigger)

推荐答案

我很确定您的问题主要与 lambda 函数在 for 循环中的行为方式有关.例如，您可以查看 this 上一个问题以获取有关原因的信息 - 简短回答，每个 lambda接收相同的变量，所以只有那个变量(最后一个下拉菜单)做任何事情.

I'm pretty sure your problems are mostly to do with the way lambda functions behave in for loops. You can see for instance this previous question for information on why - short answer, every lambda receives the same variable, so only that variable (the last dropdown) does anything.

我没有时间创建一个工作示例(它很繁琐，而且您没有提供初始工作示例)，但如果这还不足以让您修复问题.

I didn't have time to create a working example (it's fiddly, and you didn't provide an initial working example), but I'll try to make one later if this isn't enough for you to fix the issue.

我也遇到了下拉菜单不起作用的问题，但我认为这是因为您没有存储对它们的引用，因此它们会被垃圾收集.我添加了 dropdowns = ListProperty([]) 和 self.dropdowns.append(dropdown) 来保留引用，从而解决了它们不出现的问题.

I also had a problem with dropdowns not working, but I think that's because you don't store references to them so they get garbage collected. I added dropdowns = ListProperty([]) and self.dropdowns.append(dropdown) to keep references around, which solved the problem of them not appearing.

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