Nginx+FastCGI+Memcached+APC高性能WEB服务器安装配置教程

时间：2016-04-05

Nginx+php（FastCGI）+Memcached+Mysql+APC 是目前主流的高性能服务器搭建方式！适合大中型网站，小型站长也可以采用这种组合！

Nginx 超越 Apache 的高性能和稳定性，使得国内使用 Nginx 作为 Web 服务器的网站也越来越多，其中包括国内最大的电子地图MapBar、新浪博客、新浪播客、网易新闻等门户网站频道，六间房、56.com等视频分享网站，Discuz！官方论坛、水木社区等知名论坛，豆瓣、YUPOO相册、海内SNS、迅雷在线等新兴Web 2.0网站，更多的网站都在使用Nginx配置。

下载所需的安装包：这里采用源码包编译安装：本博客集成下载

http://wgkgood.gicp.net/download/nginx-0.7.61.tar.gz

http://wgkgood.gicp.net/download/pcre-8.01.tar.gz

http://wgkgood.gicp.net/download/memcache-2.2.5.tgz

http://wgkgood.gicp.net/download/libevent-1.4.12-stable.tar.gz

http://wgkgood.gicp.net/download/APC-3.1.4.tgz

下载到 /usr/src下

另外还有两个包mysql-5.1.41.tar.gz、php-5.3.5.tar.gz 【其他相似版本也可以！】可以在官网下载。

一、正式安装Nginx、【安装nginx之前需要安装pcre包和zlib以支持重写，正则以及网页压缩等等】

cd /usr/src

tar xzf pcre-8.01.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.01

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/pcre

make

make install

（2）、然后再安装nginx ：

useradd www && cd /usr/src && tar xzf nginx-0.7.61.tar.gz &&cd nginx-0.7.61 && ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –with-http_stub_status_module –with-openssl=/usr/ –with-pcre=/usr/src/pcre-8.01 –user=www –group=www &&make &&make install

【nginx注意* –with-pcre=/usr/src/pcre-8.01指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报

make［1］： *** ［/usr/local/pcre/Makefile］ Error 127 错误】

二、接下来安装mysql

cd /usr/src && tar xzf mysql-5.1.41.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.1.41 && ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ –enable-assembler –with-extra-charsets=complex –enable-thread-safe-client –with-big-tables –with-readline –with-ssl –with-embedded-server –enable-local-infile –with-plugins=innobase && make &&make install

（2）、mysql安装完毕，创建mysql用户和组并初始化数据库，并启动数据库。

cd /usr/local/mysql && useradd mysql && chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql && /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db –user=mysql && chown -R mysql:mysql var/ && ./bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &

即可。【如果mysql启动报错，请检查 /usr/local/mysql/var 目录，mysql是否有权限】

三、安装 php ：

cd /usr/src &&tar xzf php-5.3.5.tar.gz && cd php-5.3.5 && ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql –with-mysqli=/u
sr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config –with-iconv-dir=/usr/local –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib –with-li
bxml-dir=/usr –enable-xml –disable-rpath –enable-discard-path –enable-safe-mode –enable-bcmath –enable-shmop –enable-sysvsem
–enable-inline-optimization –with-curl –with-curlwrappers –enable-mbregex –enable-fpm –enable-sockets && make &&make install

安装完毕！【注意这个参数在此可以不加–enable-fastcgi；其他之前版本需要加上，以上安装根据自己的选择添加，如果报错，根据具体报错找原因】

#p#副标题#e#

四、整合Nginx和php（FastCGI）安装完php-5.3.5后支持fastCGI

user www www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log /usr/local/logs/nginx/error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 51200;
}

http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

#charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

server
{
listen 80;
server_name wgkgood.gicp.net;
index index.php index.htm index.html;
root /usr/webapps/www;

#limit_conn crawler 20;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}

location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}

log_format access ‘$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” $http_x_forwarded_for’;
access_log /usr/local/logs/nginx/access.log access;
}

}

Nginx配置完毕！启动nginx ；/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 即可，重启nginx命令如下/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx –s reload

此配置文件仅供参考，感谢张宴老师！

（2）、配置fcgi.conf文件如下

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with –enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

五、配置php配置文件：

cd /usr/local/php5/etc/ && cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf

然后根据提示修改php-fpm.conf里面的选项。

配置完毕后，启动php-fpm

以下cp /usr/src/php-5.3.5/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

然后启动 /etc/init.d/php-fpm start 即可。

#p#副标题#e#

六、安装apc配置：

cd /usr/src && tar xzf APC-3.1.4.tgz &&cd APC-3.1.4

/usr/local/php5/bin/phpize

./configure –enable-apc –enable-apc-mmap –with-php-config=/usr/local/php5/bin/php-config

&&make&& make install

安装完后会生成一个apc.so在/usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/里面。

七、安装memcached，使fastcGI支持memcached

首先安装libevent，

cd /usr/src && tar xzf libevent-1.4.12-stable.tar.gz && cd libevent-1.4.12-stable && ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/libevent &&make && make install

然后安装memcached

tar xzf memcache-2.2.5.tar.gz && cd memcache-2.2.5 && /usr/local/php5/bin/phpize && ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/memcached –with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent –with-php-config=/usr/local/php5/bin/php-config &&make &&make install

安装完后，会在/usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/里生成一个memcache.so 这个模块：

八、接下来修改php.ini

默认的php.ini在/usr/local/php5/lib/php.ini 你也可以指定：

extension_dir = “./”

修改为

extension_dir=”/usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626″

把下面这些添加到最后：

extension = apc.so

extension=memcache.so //这里引用缓存模块

[APC]

apc.enabled = 1

apc.shm_segments = 1