我有一个 C 类,它有一个 string* ps
私有数据成员.
现在,我想要一个 unordered_map
,我需要一个自定义哈希函数.
根据 c++ 参考,我可以这样做
命名空间标准{模板<>类哈希{上市:size_t operator()(const C &c) const{返回 std::hash()(*c.ps);}};}
问题是我似乎无法让 operator()
和 C
成为朋友,以便我可以访问 ps
.>
我已经试过了:
C 类;模板<>类 std::hash<C>;C类{//...朋友 std::hash<C>::operator ()(const C&) const;//错误:类型不完整};//定义哈希这里.
但它说不完整的类型......在嵌套名称说明符......
我也无法扭转定义,因为如果稍后定义类 C,hash<C>
无法知道 ps
.>
我在这里做错了什么?如何在不公开 ps
的情况下修复这种情况?
试试这个:
C 类;命名空间标准{模板<>结构散列<C>{上市:size_t operator()(const C &c) const;//还没有定义};}C类{//...朋友 size_t std::hash<C>::operator ()(const C&) const;};命名空间标准{模板<>size_t hash<C>::operator()(const C &c) const {返回 std::hash()(*c.ps);}}
或者这个:
C 类;模板<>struct std::hash<C>;C类{朋友结构 std::hash<C>;//为类添加友元,而不是成员函数};
(我没有编译所以可能有语法错误)
I have a class C, which has a string* ps
private data member.
Now, I'd like to have an unordered_map<C, int>
for which I need a custom hash function.
According to the c++ reference, I can do that like
namespace std {
template<>
class hash<C> {
public:
size_t operator()(const C &c) const
{
return std::hash<std::string>()(*c.ps);
}
};
}
The problem is that I can't seem to make operator()
and C
friends so that I could access ps
.
I have tried this:
class C;
template<>
class std::hash<C>;
class C{
//...
friend std::hash<C>::operator ()(const C&) const; // error: Incomplete type
};
// define hash<C> here.
but it says that Incomplete type ... in nested name specifier ...
I can't turn around the definitions either, because if class C is defined later, the hash<C>
has no way to know about ps
.
What am I doing wrong here? How can this situation be fixed without making ps
public?
Try this:
class C;
namespace std {
template<>
struct hash<C> {
public:
size_t operator()(const C &c) const; // don't define yet
};
}
class C{
//...
friend size_t std::hash<C>::operator ()(const C&) const;
};
namespace std {
template<>
size_t hash<C>::operator()(const C &c) const {
return std::hash<std::string>()(*c.ps);
}
}
Or this:
class C;
template<>
struct std::hash<C>;
class C{
friend struct std::hash<C>; // friend the class, not the member function
};
(I haven't compiled so there might be a syntax error)
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