使用子进程在 python 脚本中调用带有输入的 python 脚本

问题描述

我有一个脚本 a.py 并且在执行它时会询问用户某些查询并以 json 格式构建输出.使用 python 子进程，我可以从另一个名为 b.py 的脚本中调用此脚本.一切都按预期工作，除了我无法在变量中获得输出?我在 Python 3 中这样做.

I have a script a.py and while executing it will ask certain queries to user and frame the output in json format. Using python subprocess, I am able to call this script from another script named b.py. Everything is working as expected except that I am not able to get the output in a variable? I am doing this in Python 3.

推荐答案

使用 subprocess 模块从另一个脚本调用 Python 脚本并传递一些输入并获取其输出:

To call a Python script from another one using subprocess module and to pass it some input and to get its output:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import sys
from subprocess import check_output

script_path = os.path.join(get_script_dir(), 'a.py')
output = check_output([sys.executable, script_path],
                      input='
'.join(['query 1', 'query 2']),
                      universal_newlines=True)

这里定义了get_script_dir()函数.

where get_script_dir() function is defined here.

更灵活的替代方法是导入模块 a 并调用函数以获取结果(确保 a.py 使用 if __name__=="__main__" 守卫，避免在导入时运行不需要的代码):

A more flexible alternative is to import module a and to call a function, to get the result (make sure a.py uses if __name__=="__main__" guard, to avoid running undesirable code on import):

#!/usr/bin/env python
import a # the dir with a.py should be in sys.path

result = [a.search(query) for query in ['query 1', 'query 2']]

您可以使用 mutliprocessing 在单独的进程中运行每个查询(如果执行查询是 CPU 密集型的，那么它可能会提高时间性能):

You could use mutliprocessing to run each query in a separate process (if performing a query is CPU-intensive then it might improve time performance):

#!/usr/bin/env python
from multiprocessing import freeze_support, Pool
import a

if __name__ == "__main__":
   freeze_support()
   pool = Pool() # use all available CPUs
   result = pool.map(a.search, ['query 1', 'query 2'])

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