Python:datetime tzinfo 时区名称文档

问题描述

我有一个日期:

from datetime import datetime
from datetime import tzinfo
test = '2013-03-27 23:05'
test2 = datetime.strptime(test,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')
>>> test2
datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 27, 23, 5)

>>> test2.replace(tzinfo=EST)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'EST' is not defined

>> test2.replace(tzinfo=UTC)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'UTC' is not defined

我在 replace.tzinfo= 调用中可以分配给 tzinfo 的时区 names 列表中找不到文档.

I can't find documentation on the list of time zone names that I can assign to tzinfo in the replace.tzinfo= call.

我已阅读以下内容，但没有任何内容:

I have read through the following and there is nothing:

http://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html#tzinfo-objects

我也在谷歌上搜索过.

编辑:我遵循了 unutbu 提供的解决方案，但得到以下信息:

Edit: I followed the solution provided by unutbu but I get the following:

>>> test = '2013-03-27 00:05'
>>> test
'2013-03-27 00:05'

>>> test2 = dt.datetime.strp(test, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')
>>> test2
datetime.datetime(2013, 3, 27, 0, 5)

>>> est = pytz.timezone('US/Eastern')
>>> utc = pytz.utc
>>> print(est.localize(test2))
2013-03-27 00:05:00-04:00
>>> print(utc.localize(test2))
2013-03-27 00:05:00+00:00

>>> print(est.localize(test2,is_dst=False))
2013-03-27 00:05:00-04:00
>>> print(est.localize(test2,is_dst=True))
2013-03-27 00:05:00-04:00
>>>

正如您所见，即使我提供了 is_dst= 标志，偏移量仍然是-04:00"，即 EDT 而不是 EST.我很感激帮助.谢谢.

As you can see even when I provide the is_dst= flag the offset is still '-04:00', which is EDT and not EST. I appreciate the help. Thank you.

文档显示如下:

如果您坚持使用当地时间，这个库提供了一种明确构建它们的工具:http://pytz.sourceforge.net/#problems-with-localtime

>>> loc_dt = datetime(2002, 10, 27, 1, 30, 00)
>>> est_dt = eastern.localize(loc_dt, is_dst=True)
>>> edt_dt = eastern.localize(loc_dt, is_dst=False)
>>> print(est_dt.strftime(fmt) + ' / ' + edt_dt.strftime(fmt))
2002-10-27 01:30:00 EDT-0400 / 2002-10-27 01:30:00 EST-0500

eastern 在文档前面定义为 eastern = timezone('US/Eastern')

eastern was defined earlier in the documentation as eastern = timezone('US/Eastern')

这似乎表明 is_dst= 标志应进一步指定是否指定夏令时.我会很感激为什么这对我的情况不起作用的帮助.

This seems to indicate that the is_dst= flag should further specify whether day light savings is specified or not. I would appreciate help on why this isn't working in my case.

推荐答案

标准库没有定义任何时区——至少没有定义好(文档不处理像 此处提及).对于预定义的时区，请使用第三方 pytz 模块.

The standard library does not define any timezones -- at least not well (the toy example given in the documentation does not handle subtle problems like the ones mentioned here). For predefined timezones, use the third-party pytz module.

import pytz
import datetime as DT

eastern = pytz.timezone('US/Eastern')
utc = pytz.utc
test = '2013-03-27 23:05'

这是一个天真的"日期时间:

This is a "naive" datetime:

test2 = DT.datetime.strptime(test, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')   
print(test2)
# 2013-03-27 23:05:00

这通过将 test2 解释为就好像它在 EST 时区中来生成可感知时区的日期时间:

This makes a timezone-aware datetime by interpreting test2 as if it were in the EST timezone:

print(eastern.localize(test2))
# 2013-03-27 23:05:00-04:00

这通过将 test2 解释为就好像它在 UTC 时区中来生成可感知时区的日期时间:

This makes a timezone-aware datetime by interpreting test2 as if it were in the UTC timezone:

print(utc.localize(test2))
# 2013-03-27 23:05:00+00:00

或者，您可以使用 astimezone 方法将一个时区感知日期时间转换为另一个时区:

Alternatively, you can convert one timezone-aware datetime to another timezone using the astimezone method:

test2_eastern = eastern.localize(test2)
print(test2_eastern.astimezone(utc))
# 2013-03-28 03:05:00+00:00

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