我正在尝试组织一些模块供我自己使用.我有这样的事情:
lib/__init__.py设置.py富/__init__.py一些对象.py酒吧/__init__.py别的东西.py
在 lib/__init__.py
中,我想定义一些在导入 lib 时要使用的类.但是,如果不将类分成文件并将它们导入__init__.py
,我似乎无法弄清楚.
而不是说:
库/__init__.py设置.py助手类.py富/__init__.py一些对象.py酒吧/__init__.py别的东西.py从 lib.settings 导入值从 lib.helperclass 导入助手
我想要这样的东西:
库/__init__.py #Helper 在这个文件中定义设置.py富/__init__.py一些对象.py酒吧/__init__.py别的东西.py从 lib.settings 导入值从库导入助手
有可能吗,还是我必须将类分离到另一个文件中?
好的,如果我从另一个脚本导入 lib,我可以访问 Helper 类.如何从 settings.py 访问 Helper 类?
此处示例描述了包内引用.我引用子模块经常需要相互引用".就我而言,lib.settings.py 需要 Helper,而 lib.foo.someobject 需要访问 Helper,那么我应该在哪里定义 Helper 类?
'lib/
的父目录必须在 sys.path
中.
您的lib/__init__.py
"可能如下所示:
来自 .导入设置 # 或者只是在旧 Python 版本上导入设置"类助手(对象):经过
那么下面的例子应该可以工作:
从 lib.settings 导入值从库导入助手
__init__.py
定义了你的包从外部看起来如何.如果您需要在 settings.py
中使用 Helper
,则在不同的文件中定义 Helper
,例如 'lib/helper.py
'.
命令:
$ python import_submodule.py
输出:
设置帮手lib.settings 中的助手某物lib.foo.someobject 中的助手# ./import_submodule.py导入 fnmatch,操作系统从 lib.settings 导入值从库导入助手打印对于 os.walk('.') 中的根目录、目录和文件:对于 fnmatch.filter(files, '*.py') 中的 f:print "# %s/%s" % (os.path.basename(root), f)打印打开(os.path.join(root, f)).read()打印# lib/helper.py打印帮手"类助手(对象):def __init__(self, module_name):print "Helper in", module_name# lib/settings.py打印设置"导入助手类值(对象):经过helper.Helper(__name__)# lib/__init__.py#from __future__ 导入 absolute_import导入设置、foo.someobject、助手助手 = helper.Helper# foo/someobject.py打印某物"从 .. 导入助手helper.Helper(__name__)# foo/__init__.py导入某个对象
I am trying to organize some modules for my own use. I have something like this:
lib/
__init__.py
settings.py
foo/
__init__.py
someobject.py
bar/
__init__.py
somethingelse.py
In lib/__init__.py
, I want to define some classes to be used if I import lib. However, I can't seem to figure it out without separating the classes into files, and import them in__init__.py
.
Rather than say:
lib/
__init__.py
settings.py
helperclass.py
foo/
__init__.py
someobject.py
bar/
__init__.py
somethingelse.py
from lib.settings import Values
from lib.helperclass import Helper
I want something like this:
lib/
__init__.py #Helper defined in this file
settings.py
foo/
__init__.py
someobject.py
bar/
__init__.py
somethingelse.py
from lib.settings import Values
from lib import Helper
Is it possible, or do I have to separate the class into another file?
OK, if I import lib from another script, I can access the Helper class. How can I access the Helper class from settings.py?
The example here describes Intra-Package References. I quote "submodules often need to refer to each other". In my case, the lib.settings.py needs the Helper and lib.foo.someobject need access to Helper, so where should I define the Helper class?
'lib/
's parent directory must be in sys.path
.
Your 'lib/__init__.py
' might look like this:
from . import settings # or just 'import settings' on old Python versions
class Helper(object):
pass
Then the following example should work:
from lib.settings import Values
from lib import Helper
__init__.py
defines how your package looks from outside. If you need to use Helper
in settings.py
then define Helper
in a different file e.g., 'lib/helper.py
'.
. | `-- import_submodule.py `-- lib |-- __init__.py |-- foo | |-- __init__.py | `-- someobject.py |-- helper.py `-- settings.py 2 directories, 6 files
The command:
$ python import_submodule.py
Output:
settings
helper
Helper in lib.settings
someobject
Helper in lib.foo.someobject
# ./import_submodule.py
import fnmatch, os
from lib.settings import Values
from lib import Helper
print
for root, dirs, files in os.walk('.'):
for f in fnmatch.filter(files, '*.py'):
print "# %s/%s" % (os.path.basename(root), f)
print open(os.path.join(root, f)).read()
print
# lib/helper.py
print 'helper'
class Helper(object):
def __init__(self, module_name):
print "Helper in", module_name
# lib/settings.py
print "settings"
import helper
class Values(object):
pass
helper.Helper(__name__)
# lib/__init__.py
#from __future__ import absolute_import
import settings, foo.someobject, helper
Helper = helper.Helper
# foo/someobject.py
print "someobject"
from .. import helper
helper.Helper(__name__)
# foo/__init__.py
import someobject
这篇关于如何导入在 __init__.py 中定义的类的文章就介绍到这了,希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持跟版网!