为了更清楚我在说什么,这里有一个例子.
To make it more clear what I am talking about, here's an example.
有这个课程:
@interface Person : NSObject {
NSString *name;
}
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *name;
- (void)sayHi;
@end
使用此实现:
@implementation Person
@synthesize name;
- (void)dealloc {
[name release];
[super dealloc];
}
- (void)sayHi {
NSLog(@"Hello");
NSLog(@"My name is %@.", name);
}
@end
在程序的某个地方我这样做:
Somewhere in the program I do this:
Person *person = nil;
//person = [[Person alloc] init]; // let's say I comment this line
person.name = @"Mike"; // shouldn't I get an error here?
[person sayHi]; // and here
[person release]; // and here
发送到 nil
对象的消息在 Objective-C 中是完全可以接受的,它被视为无操作.没有办法将其标记为错误,因为它不是错误,实际上它可能是该语言的一个非常有用的特性.
A message sent to a nil
object is perfectly acceptable in Objective-C, it's treated as a no-op. There is no way to flag it as an error because it's not an error, in fact it can be a very useful feature of the language.
来自 文档:
向 nil 发送消息
在 Objective-C 中,发送一个给 nil 的消息——它根本没有效果在运行时.有几种模式在 Cocoa 中利用这一点事实.从 a 返回的值发给 nil 的消息也可能有效:
In Objective-C, it is valid to send a message to nil—it simply has no effect at runtime. There are several patterns in Cocoa that take advantage of this fact. The value returned from a message to nil may also be valid:
如果方法返回一个对象,那么发送给 nil
的消息返回0
(nil
),例如:
If the method returns an object, then a message sent to nil
returns
0
(nil
), for example:
Person *motherInLaw = [[aPerson 配偶] 母亲];
如果 aPerson
的 spouse
为 nil
,然后 mother
被发送到 nil
并且方法返回 nil
.
If aPerson
’s spouse
is nil
,
then mother
is sent to nil
and the
method returns nil
.
如果方法返回任何指针类型,任何大小小于的整数标量大于或等于 sizeof(void*)
,一个float
,一个 double
,一个 long double
,或 long long
,然后发送一条消息到 nil
返回 0
.
If the method returns any pointer type, any integer scalar of size less
than or equal to sizeof(void*)
, a
float
, a double
, a long double
,
or a long long
, then a message sent
to nil
returns 0
.
如果方法返回一个 struct
,由 Mac OS X ABI 定义要返回的函数调用指南注册,然后将消息发送到nil
为每个字段返回 0.0
数据结构.其他结构
数据类型不会被填充零.
If the method returns a struct
, as defined by the Mac OS X ABI
Function Call Guide to be returned in
registers, then a message sent to
nil
returns 0.0
for every field in
the data structure. Other struct
data types will not be filled with
zeros.
如果方法返回的不是上述值类型消息的返回值发送到 nil 是未定义的.
If the method returns anything other than the aforementioned value types the return value of a message sent to nil is undefined.
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