ASM 中的 Java 方法参数值

问题描述

我正在尝试获取 Java 程序方法参数的值.我正在使用 ASM 来检测字节码并获取这些值.但是，我遇到了一些麻烦.

I am trying to get the values of a Java program's method's parameters. I am using ASM to instrument the bytecode and getting these values. However, I'm running into some troubles.

这是用于检测代码的 visitCode() 方法.它正在做的是:

Here is the visitCode() method used to instrument the code. What it is doing is :

1. 创建一个空数组来存储收集到的参数.
2. 对于每个参数，将其值加载到数组中.
3. 将此数组发送到我的代理的 OnMethodEntry 方法(将在其中使用值).

.

@Override
public void visitCode() {
    int paramLength = paramTypes.length;

    // Create array with length equal to number of parameters
    mv.visitIntInsn(Opcodes.BIPUSH, paramLength);
    mv.visitTypeInsn(Opcodes.ANEWARRAY, "java/lang/Object");
    mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ASTORE, paramLength);

    // Fill the created array with method parameters
    int i = 0;
    for (Type tp : paramTypes) {
        mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, paramLength);
        mv.visitIntInsn(Opcodes.BIPUSH, i);

        if (tp.equals(Type.BOOLEAN_TYPE) || tp.equals(Type.BYTE_TYPE) || tp.equals(Type.CHAR_TYPE) || tp.equals(Type.SHORT_TYPE) || tp.equals(Type.INT_TYPE))
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ILOAD, i);
        else if (tp.equals(Type.LONG_TYPE)) {
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.LLOAD, i);
            i++;
        }
        else if (tp.equals(Type.FLOAT_TYPE))
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.FLOAD, i);
        else if (tp.equals(Type.DOUBLE_TYPE)) {
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.DLOAD, i);
            i++;
        }
        else
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, i);

        mv.visitInsn(Opcodes.AASTORE);
        i++;
    }

    // Load id, class name and method name
    this.visitLdcInsn(new Integer(this.methodID));
    this.visitLdcInsn(this.className);
    this.visitLdcInsn(this.methodName);

    // Load the array of parameters that we created
    this.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, paramLength);

    mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC,
            "jalen/MethodStats",
            "onMethodEntry",
            "(ILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;)V");
    super.visitCode();
}

但是，当方法显然有多个参数时，这不起作用.

However, this is not working when apparently the method have more than one parameter.

获得的类文件显示如下:

The class file obtained shows things like this :

static void moveDisk(char arg0, char arg1, PrintStream arg2) {
Object[] arrayOfObject = new Object[3]; arrayOfObject[0] = ???; arrayOfObject[1] = ???;
Object localObject;
arrayOfObject[2] = localObject; MethodStats.onMethodEntry(5, "hanoi/TowersOfHanoi", "moveDisk", arrayOfObject);

这里创建了 2 个本地对象，而不是加载参数.

Where 2 local objects are created instead of loading the parameters.

字节码没有显示任何奇怪的东西:

The bytecode doesn't show anything weird :

static void moveDisk(char, char, java.io.PrintStream);
Code:
   0: bipush        3
   2: anewarray     #4                  // class java/lang/Object
   5: astore_3      
   6: aload_3       
   7: bipush        0
   9: iload_0       
  10: aastore       
  11: aload_3       
  12: bipush        1
  14: iload_1       
  15: aastore       
  16: aload_3       
  17: bipush        2
  19: aload_2       
  20: aastore       
  21: ldc           #118                // int 5
  23: ldc           #12                 // String hanoi/TowersOfHanoi
  25: ldc           #119                // String moveDisk
  27: aload_3       
  28: invokestatic  #19                 // Method jalen/MethodStats.onMethodEntry:(ILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;)V

最后，显示的错误是(使用 -noverify 时):

And finally, the error showed is (when using -noverify):

param: [Ljava.lang.String;@420e54f3
Exception in thread "Jalen Agent" java.lang.NullPointerException
at hanoi.TowersOfHanoi.solveHanoi(TowersOfHanoi.java)
at hanoi.TowersOfHanoi.main(TowersOfHanoi.java:29)

否则就是:

Exception in thread "Jalen Agent" java.lang.VerifyError: (class: hanoi/TowersOfHanoi, method: moveDisk signature: (CCLjava/io/PrintStream;)V) Expecting to find object/array on stack
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2442)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:2685)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1620)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.getMainMethod(LauncherHelper.java:492)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(LauncherHelper.java:484)

通常，这应该更有效，因为我只是从堆栈帧中加载信息.我也尝试检查静态 &非静态方法(此处解释的堆栈:http://www.artima.com/insidejvm/ed2/jvm8.html)，但仍然没有成功.

Normally, this should rather work as I am just loading information from the stack frame. I tried also to check static & non static methods (as of the stack explained here : http://www.artima.com/insidejvm/ed2/jvm8.html), but still with no success.

对为什么会发生这种情况有任何想法，或者可能有解决方案的想法吗?

Any idea on why this is happening, or possibly an idea of a solution ?

谢谢:)

它现在可以在打包原始类型时工作(感谢下面 int3 的建议 :)).这是 visitCode() 方法的工作代码:

It is now working when boxing up primitive types (thanks to suggestions by int3 below :) ). Here is the working code of visitCode() method :

@Override
public void visitCode() {
    int paramLength = paramTypes.length;

    // Create array with length equal to number of parameters
    mv.visitIntInsn(Opcodes.BIPUSH, paramLength);
    mv.visitTypeInsn(Opcodes.ANEWARRAY, "java/lang/Object");
    mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ASTORE, paramLength);

    // Fill the created array with method parameters
    int i = 0;
    for (Type tp : paramTypes) {
        mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, paramLength);
        mv.visitIntInsn(Opcodes.BIPUSH, i);

        if (tp.equals(Type.BOOLEAN_TYPE)) {
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ILOAD, i);
            mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, "java/lang/Boolean", "valueOf", "(Z)Ljava/lang/Boolean;");
        }
        else if (tp.equals(Type.BYTE_TYPE)) {
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ILOAD, i);
            mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, "java/lang/Byte", "valueOf", "(B)Ljava/lang/Byte;");
        }
        else if (tp.equals(Type.CHAR_TYPE)) {
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ILOAD, i);
            mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, "java/lang/Character", "valueOf", "(C)Ljava/lang/Character;");
        }
        else if (tp.equals(Type.SHORT_TYPE)) {
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ILOAD, i);
            mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, "java/lang/Short", "valueOf", "(S)Ljava/lang/Short;");
        }
        else if (tp.equals(Type.INT_TYPE)) {
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ILOAD, i);
            mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, "java/lang/Integer", "valueOf", "(I)Ljava/lang/Integer;");
        }
        else if (tp.equals(Type.LONG_TYPE)) {
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.LLOAD, i);
            mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, "java/lang/Long", "valueOf", "(J)Ljava/lang/Long;");
            i++;
        }
        else if (tp.equals(Type.FLOAT_TYPE)) {
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.FLOAD, i);
            mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, "java/lang/Float", "valueOf", "(F)Ljava/lang/Float;");
        }
        else if (tp.equals(Type.DOUBLE_TYPE)) {
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.DLOAD, i);
            mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC, "java/lang/Double", "valueOf", "(D)Ljava/lang/Double;");
            i++;
        }
        else
            mv.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, i);

        mv.visitInsn(Opcodes.AASTORE);
        i++;
    }

    // Load id, class name and method name
    this.visitLdcInsn(new Integer(this.methodID));
    this.visitLdcInsn(this.className);
    this.visitLdcInsn(this.methodName);

    // Load the array of parameters that we created
    this.visitVarInsn(Opcodes.ALOAD, paramLength);

    mv.visitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKESTATIC,
            "jalen/MethodStats",
            "onMethodEntry",
            "(ILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/Object;)V");
    super.visitCode();
}

推荐答案

您正在使用 aastore 将 char 存储到对象数组中，这是类型错误.aastore 只能用于存储对象和数组，这可能就是错误提示预期的对象/数组在堆栈上"的原因.字符应使用 castore 存储在 char 数组中.但是，由于您希望它适用于任意签名，您可能希望将原始类型打包成对象，然后您可以在其上使用 aastore - 例如char 应该装在 java.lang.Character 对象中.

You are using aastore to store a char into an object array, which is a type error. aastore should only be used to store objects and arrays, which is probably why the error says 'expected object/array on stack'. Characters should be stored in a char array using castore. However, since you want this to work for arbitrary signatures, you'll probably want to box up the primitive types into objects which you can then use aastore upon -- e.g. char should be boxed up in a java.lang.Character object.

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