如何在没有 Application.Run 的情况下从 VBE 加载项运行宏?

时间：2023-07-27

本文介绍了如何在没有 Application.Run 的情况下从 VBE 加载项运行宏?的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着跟版网的小编来一起学习吧！

问题描述

我正在为 VBE 编写一个 COM 插件，其中一项核心功能涉及在单击命令栏按钮时执行现有的 VBA 代码.

代码是用户编写的单元测试代码，位于标准 (.bas) 模块中，如下所示:

<块引用>

选项显式选项专用模块'@TestModule私有断言作为新的 Rubberduck.AssertClass'@测试方法Public Sub TestMethod1() 'TODO: 重命名测试出错时转到测试失败'安排:'行为:'断言:断言.不确定测试退出:退出子测试失败:Assert.Fail "测试引发错误:#"&Err.Number &"-"&错误描述结束子

所以我有这段代码可以获取主机 Application 对象的当前实例:

protected HostApplicationBase(string applicationName){Application = (TApplication)Marshal.GetActiveObject(applicationName + ".Application");}

这是 ExcelApp 类:

公共类 ExcelApp : HostApplicationBase{公共 ExcelApp() : base("Excel") { }公共覆盖无效运行(QualifiedMemberNamequalifiedMemberName){var call = GenerateMethodCall(qualifiedMemberName);应用程序.运行(调用)；}受保护的虚拟字符串 GenerateMethodCall(QualifiedMemberNamequalifiedMemberName){返回qualifiedMemberName.ToString();}}

像魅力一样工作.WordApp、PowerPointApp 和 AccessApp 也有类似的代码.

问题是 Outlook 的 Application 对象没有公开 Run 方法，所以我卡住了.

如何在没有 Application.Run 的情况下从 VBE 的 COM 插件执行 VBA 代码?

VBE C# 代码(来自我的回答 **请注意，支持 SendKeys 并且使用 ThisOutlookSession 的唯一其他已知方法不是:https://groups.google.com/forum/?hl=en#!topic/microsoft.public.outlook.program_vba/cQ8gF9ssN3g - 尽管 Sue 不是 Microsoft PSS 她会问并发现它不受支持.

<小时>

OLD...以下方法适用于除 Outlook 以外的 Office 应用程序

<块引用>

问题是 Outlook 的 Application 对象没有公开 Run 方法，所以我卡住了.这个答案链接到 MSDN 上看起来很有希望的博客文章，所以我尝试了这个......但是 OUTLOOK.EXE 进程退出，代码为 -1073741819 (0xc0000005) '访问冲突'

问题是，如何使用 Reflection 进行这项工作?

1) 这是我使用的适用于 Excel 的代码(应该同样适用于 Outlook)，使用 .Net 参考: Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel v14(不是 ActiveXCOM 参考):

使用系统；使用 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel；命名空间 ConsoleApplication5{课堂节目{静态无效主要(字符串 [] 参数){运行VBTest();}公共静态无效 RunVBTest(){应用程序oExcel = new Application();oExcel.Visible = true；工作簿 oBooks = oExcel.Workbooks;_Workbook oBook = null;oBook = oBooks.Open("C:\temp\Book1.xlsm");//运行宏.RunMacro(oExcel, new Object[] { "TestMsg" });//退出 Excel 并清理(最好使用 Jake Ginnivan 的 VSTOContrib).oBook.Saved = true;oBook.Close(false);System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(oBook);System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(oBooks);System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(oExcel);}私有静态 void RunMacro(object oApp, object[] oRunArgs){oApp.GetType().InvokeMember("运行",System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Default |System.Reflection.BindingFlags.InvokeMethod，空，oApp，oRunArgs)；//相比之下，您的通话看起来有点古怪，您使用的是应用程序的实例吗?//Application.GetType().InvokeMember(qualifiedMemberName.MemberName, BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, Application, null);}}}}

2) 确保将宏代码放入模块(全局 BAS 文件)中..

Public Sub TestMsg()MsgBox ("你好 Stackoverflow")结束子

3) 确保启用对 VBA 项目对象模型的宏安全和信任访问:

I'm writing a COM add-in for the VBE, and one of the core features involves executing existing VBA code upon clicking a commandbar button.

The code is unit testing code written by the user, in a standard (.bas) module that looks something like this:

Option Explicit
Option Private Module

'@TestModule
Private Assert As New Rubberduck.AssertClass

'@TestMethod
Public Sub TestMethod1() 'TODO: Rename test
    On Error GoTo TestFail
    
    'Arrange:

    'Act:

    'Assert:
    Assert.Inconclusive

TestExit:
    Exit Sub
TestFail:
    Assert.Fail "Test raised an error: #" & Err.Number & " - " & Err.Description
End Sub

So I have this code that gets the current instance of the host Application object:

protected HostApplicationBase(string applicationName)
{
    Application = (TApplication)Marshal.GetActiveObject(applicationName + ".Application");
}

Here's the ExcelApp class:

public class ExcelApp : HostApplicationBase<Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application>
{
    public ExcelApp() : base("Excel") { }

    public override void Run(QualifiedMemberName qualifiedMemberName)
    {
        var call = GenerateMethodCall(qualifiedMemberName);
        Application.Run(call);
    }

    protected virtual string GenerateMethodCall(QualifiedMemberName qualifiedMemberName)
    {
        return qualifiedMemberName.ToString();
    }
}

Works like a charm. I have similar code for WordApp, PowerPointApp and AccessApp, too.

The problem is that Outlook's Application object doesn't expose a Run method, so I'm, well, stuck.

How can I execute VBA code from a COM add-in for the VBE, without Application.Run?

This answer links to a blog post on MSDN that looks promising, so I tried this:

public class OutlookApp : HostApplicationBase<Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.Application>
{
    public OutlookApp() : base("Outlook") { }

    public override void Run(QualifiedMemberName qualifiedMemberName)
    {
        var app = Application.GetType();
        app.InvokeMember(qualifiedMemberName.MemberName, BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, Application, null);
    }
}

But then the best I'm getting is a COMException that says "unknown name", and the OUTLOOK.EXE process exiting with code -1073741819 (0xc0000005) 'Access violation' - and it blows up just as nicely with Excel, too.

UPDATE

This VBA code works, if I put TestMethod1 inside ThisOutlookSession:

Outlook.Application.TestMethod1

Note that TestMethod1 isn't listed as a member of Outlook.Application in VBA IntelliSense.. but somehow it happens to work.

The question is, how do I make this work with Reflection?

解决方案

Update 3:

I found this post on MSDN forums: Call Outlook VBA sub from VSTO.

Obviously it uses VSTO and I tried converting it to a VBE AddIn, but ran into issues at work with x64 Windows with a Register Class issue:

COMException (0x80040154): Retrieving the COM class factory for component with CLSID {55F88893-7708-11D1-ACEB-006008961DA5} failed due to the following error: 80040154 Class not registered

Anyway this is the guys answer who reckons he got it working:

_{Start Of MSDN Forum Post}

I found a way! What could be triggered from both VSTO and VBA? The Clipboard!!

So I used the clipboard to pass messages from one environment to the other. Here is some few codes that will explain my trick:

VSTO:

'p_Procedure is the procedure name to call in VBA within Outlook

'mObj_ou_UserProperty is to create a custom property to pass an argument to the VBA procedure

Private Sub p_Call_VBA(p_Procedure As String)
    Dim mObj_of_CommandBars As Microsoft.Office.Core.CommandBars, mObj_ou_Explorer As Outlook.Explorer, mObj_ou_MailItem As Outlook.MailItem, mObj_ou_UserProperty As Outlook.UserProperty

    mObj_ou_Explorer = Globals.Menu_AddIn.Application.ActiveExplorer
    'I want this to run only when one item is selected

    If mObj_ou_Explorer.Selection.Count = 1 Then
        mObj_ou_MailItem = mObj_ou_Explorer.Selection(1)
        mObj_ou_UserProperty = mObj_ou_MailItem.UserProperties.Add("COM AddIn-Azimuth", Outlook.OlUserPropertyType.olText)
        mObj_ou_UserProperty.Value = p_Procedure
        mObj_of_CommandBars = mObj_ou_Explorer.CommandBars

        'Call the clipboard event Copy
        mObj_of_CommandBars.ExecuteMso("Copy")
    End If
End Sub

VBA:

Create a class for Explorer events and trap this event:

Public WithEvents mpubObj_Explorer As Explorer

'Trap the clipboard event Copy
Private Sub mpubObj_Explorer_BeforeItemCopy(Cancel As Boolean)
Dim mObj_MI As MailItem, mObj_UserProperty As UserProperty

    'Make sure only one item is selected and of type Mail

    If mpubObj_Explorer.Selection.Count = 1 And mpubObj_Explorer.Selection(1).Class = olMail Then
        Set mObj_MI = mpubObj_Explorer.Selection(1)
        'Check to see if the custom property is present in the mail selected
        For Each mObj_UserProperty In mObj_MI.UserProperties
            If mObj_UserProperty.Name = "COM AddIn-Azimuth" Then
                Select Case mObj_UserProperty.Value
                    Case "Example_Add_project"
                        '...
                    Case "Example_Modify_planning"
                        '...
                End Select
                'Remove the custom property, to keep things clean
                mObj_UserProperty.Delete

                'Cancel the Copy event.  It makes the call transparent to the user
                Cancel = True
                Exit For
            End If
        Next
        Set mObj_UserProperty = Nothing
        Set mObj_MI = Nothing
    End If
End Sub

_{End Of MSDN Forum Post}

So the author of this code adds a UserProperty to a mail item and passes the function name that way. Again this would require some boiler plate code in Outlook and at least 1 mail item.

Update 3a:

The 80040154 Class not registered I was getting was because despite targeting x86 platform when I translated the code from VSTO VB.Net to VBE C# I was instantiating items, eg:

Microsoft.Office.Core.CommandBars mObj_of_CommandBars = new Microsoft.Office.Core.CommandBars();

After wasting several more hours on it, I came up with this code, that ran!!!

The VBE C# Code (from my answer make a VBE AddIn answer here):

namespace VBEAddin
{
    [ComVisible(true), Guid("3599862B-FF92-42DF-BB55-DBD37CC13565"), ProgId("VBEAddIn.Connect")]
    public class Connect : IDTExtensibility2
    {
        private VBE _VBE;
        private AddIn _AddIn;

        #region "IDTExtensibility2 Members"

        public void OnConnection(object application, ext_ConnectMode connectMode, object addInInst, ref Array custom)
        {
            try
            {
                _VBE = (VBE)application;
                _AddIn = (AddIn)addInInst;

                switch (connectMode)
                {
                    case Extensibility.ext_ConnectMode.ext_cm_Startup:
                        break;
                    case Extensibility.ext_ConnectMode.ext_cm_AfterStartup:
                        InitializeAddIn();

                        break;
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
            }
        }

        private void onReferenceItemAdded(Reference reference)
        {
            //TODO: Map types found in assembly using reference.
        }

        private void onReferenceItemRemoved(Reference reference)
        {
            //TODO: Remove types found in assembly using reference.
        }

        public void OnDisconnection(ext_DisconnectMode disconnectMode, ref Array custom)
        {
        }

        public void OnAddInsUpdate(ref Array custom)
        {
        }

        public void OnStartupComplete(ref Array custom)
        {
            InitializeAddIn();
        }

        private void InitializeAddIn()
        {
            MessageBox.Show(_AddIn.ProgId + " loaded in VBA editor version " + _VBE.Version);
            Form1 frm = new Form1();
            frm.Show();   //<-- HERE I AM INSTANTIATING A FORM WHEN THE ADDIN LOADS FROM THE VBE IDE!
        }

        public void OnBeginShutdown(ref Array custom)
        {
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

The Form1 code that I instantiate and load from the VBE IDE InitializeAddIn() method:

namespace VBEAddIn
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Call_VBA("Test");
        }

        private void Call_VBA(string p_Procedure)
        {
            var olApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.Application();
            Microsoft.Office.Core.CommandBars mObj_of_CommandBars;

            Microsoft.Office.Core.CommandBars mObj_of_CommandBars = new Microsoft.Office.Core.CommandBars();
            Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.Explorer mObj_ou_Explorer;
            Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.MailItem mObj_ou_MailItem;
            Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.UserProperty mObj_ou_UserProperty;

            //mObj_ou_Explorer = Globals.Menu_AddIn.Application.ActiveExplorer
            mObj_ou_Explorer = olApp.ActiveExplorer();

            //I want this to run only when one item is selected
            if (mObj_ou_Explorer.Selection.Count == 1)
            {
                mObj_ou_MailItem = mObj_ou_Explorer.Selection[1];
                mObj_ou_UserProperty = mObj_ou_MailItem.UserProperties.Add("JT", Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.OlUserPropertyType.olText);
                mObj_ou_UserProperty.Value = p_Procedure;
                mObj_of_CommandBars = mObj_ou_Explorer.CommandBars;

                //Call the clipboard event Copy
                mObj_of_CommandBars.ExecuteMso("Copy");
            }
        }
    }
}

The ThisOutlookSession Code:

Public WithEvents mpubObj_Explorer As Explorer

'Trap the clipboard event Copy
Private Sub mpubObj_Explorer_BeforeItemCopy(Cancel As Boolean)
Dim mObj_MI As MailItem, mObj_UserProperty As UserProperty

MsgBox ("The mpubObj_Explorer_BeforeItemCopy event worked!")
    'Make sure only one item is selected and of type Mail

    If mpubObj_Explorer.Selection.Count = 1 And mpubObj_Explorer.Selection(1).Class = olMail Then
        Set mObj_MI = mpubObj_Explorer.Selection(1)
        'Check to see if the custom property is present in the mail selected
        For Each mObj_UserProperty In mObj_MI.UserProperties
            If mObj_UserProperty.Name = "JT" Then

                'Will the magic happen?!
                Outlook.Application.Test

                'Remove the custom property, to keep things clean
                mObj_UserProperty.Delete

                'Cancel the Copy event.  It makes the call transparent to the user
                Cancel = True
                Exit For
            End If
        Next
        Set mObj_UserProperty = Nothing
        Set mObj_MI = Nothing
    End If
End Sub

The Outlook VBA Method:

Public Sub Test()
MsgBox ("Will this be called?")
End Sub

Very sadly, I regret to inform you that my efforts were unsuccessful. Maybe it does work from VSTO (I haven't tried) but after trying like a dog fetching a bone, I am now willing to give up!

Never the less as a consolation you can find a crazy idea in the Revision History of this answer (it shows a way of Mocking an Office Object Model) to run Office VBA unit tests that are private with parameters.

I will speak to you offline about contributing to the RubberDuck GitHub project, I wrote code that does the same thing as Prodiance's Workbook Relationship Diagram before Microsoft bought them out and included their product in Office Audit and Version Control Server.

You may wish to examine this code before dismissing it entirely, I couldn't even get the mpubObj_Explorer_BeforeItemCopy event to work, so if you can get that working normally in Outlook you might fare better. (I'm using Outlook 2013 at home, so 2010 might be different).

ps You would think after hopping on one leg in an anti-clockwise direction, clicking my fingers while rubbing my head clockwise like Workaround Method 2 in this KB Article that I would have nailed it... nup I just lost more hair!

Update 2:

Inside your Outlook.Application.TestMethod1 can't you just use VB classics CallByName method so you dont need reflection? You'd need to set a string property "Sub/FunctionNameToCall" before calling the method containing the CallByName to specify what sub/function to call.

Unfortunately users would be required to insert some boiler plate code in one of their Module's.

Update 1:

This is going to sound really dodgy, but since Outlooks' object model has fully clamped down its Run method you could resort to... SendKeys (yeah I know, but it will work).

Unfortunately the oApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Run"...) method described below works for all Office Apps except Outlook - based on the Properties section in this KB Article: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/306683, sorry I didn't know that until now and found it very frustrating trying and the MSDN article misleading, ultimately Microsoft has locked it:

** Note that SendKeys is supported and the only other known way using ThisOutlookSession is not: https://groups.google.com/forum/?hl=en#!topic/microsoft.public.outlook.program_vba/cQ8gF9ssN3g - even though Sue isn't Microsoft PSS she would've asked and found out its unsupported.

OLD... The below method works with Office Apps except for Outlook

The problem is that Outlook's Application object doesn't expose a Run method, so I'm, well, stuck. This answer links to a blog post on MSDN that looks promising, so I tried this ... but OUTLOOK.EXE process exits with code -1073741819 (0xc0000005) 'Access violation'

The question is, how do I make this work with Reflection?

1) Here is the code I use that works for Excel (should work for Outlook just the same), using the .Net reference: Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel v14 (not the ActiveX COM Reference):

using System;
using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;

namespace ConsoleApplication5
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
    RunVBATest();
}

public static void RunVBATest()
{
    Application oExcel = new Application();
    oExcel.Visible = true;
    Workbooks oBooks = oExcel.Workbooks;
    _Workbook oBook = null;
    oBook = oBooks.Open("C:\temp\Book1.xlsm");

    // Run the macro.
    RunMacro(oExcel, new Object[] { "TestMsg" });

    // Quit Excel and clean up (its better to use the VSTOContrib by Jake Ginnivan).
    oBook.Saved = true;
    oBook.Close(false);
    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(oBook);
    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(oBooks);
    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(oExcel);
}

private static void RunMacro(object oApp, object[] oRunArgs)
{
    oApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Run",
        System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Default |
        System.Reflection.BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,
        null, oApp, oRunArgs);

    //Your call looks a little bit wack in comparison, are you using an instance of the app?
    //Application.GetType().InvokeMember(qualifiedMemberName.MemberName, BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, Application, null);
}
}
}
}

2) make sure you put the Macro code in a Module (a Global BAS file)..

Public Sub TestMsg()

MsgBox ("Hello Stackoverflow")

End Sub

3) make sure you enable Macro Security and Trust access to the VBA Project object model:

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如何在没有 Application.Run 的情况下从 VBE 加载项运行宏?

问题描述

UPDATE

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