如何注册自定义 UserStore &DI 中的用户管理器

问题描述

这是我的设置:

public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser<Guid>
{
}
public class ApplicationRole : IdentityRole<Guid>
{
}
public class ApplicationUserLogin : IdentityUserLogin<Guid>
{
}
public class ApplicationUserClaim : IdentityUserClaim<Guid>
{
}
public class ApplicationRoleClaim : IdentityRoleClaim<Guid>
{
}

这是我的 UserStore 的定义

Here is the definition of my UserStore

public class ApplicationUserStore : UserStore<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole, MyContext, Guid>
{
    public ApplicationUserStore(MyContext context, IdentityErrorDescriber describer = null)
        : base(context, describer)
    {
    }
}

这是我的 UserManager 的定义

Here is the definition of my UserManager

public class ApplicationUserManager : UserManager<ApplicationUser>
{
    public ApplicationUserManager(IUserStore<ApplicationUser> store, IOptions<IdentityOptions> optionsAccessor,
        IPasswordHasher<ApplicationUser> passwordHasher, IEnumerable<IUserValidator<ApplicationUser>> userValidators,
        IEnumerable<IPasswordValidator<ApplicationUser>> passwordValidators, ILookupNormalizer keyNormalizer,
        IdentityErrorDescriber errors, IEnumerable<IUserTokenProvider<ApplicationUser>> tokenProviders,
        ILoggerFactory logger, IHttpContextAccessor contextAccessor)
        : base(
            store, optionsAccessor, passwordHasher, userValidators, passwordValidators, keyNormalizer, errors,
            tokenProviders, logger, contextAccessor)
    {
    }
}

这是我的 DbContext 的定义:

Here is the definition of my DbContext:

public class MyContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole, Guid>
{
    protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder builder)
    {
        base.OnModelCreating(builder);
    }
}

这是我的 Startup.cs

And here is my Startup.cs

    public IServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        services.AddMvc();

        services.AddEntityFramework()
            .AddSqlServer()
            .AddDbContext<MyContext>(options => options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.Get("Data:DbConnection")));

        services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole>()
            .AddEntityFrameworkStores<MyContext, Guid>()
            .AddUserStore<ApplicationUserStore>()
            .AddRoleStore<ApplicationRoleStore>()
            .AddUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>()
            .AddRoleManager<ApplicationRoleManager>()
            .AddDefaultTokenProviders();

        var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
        builder.Populate(services);
        var container = builder.Build();
        return container.Resolve<IServiceProvider>();
    }

这个构造函数的依赖会起作用:

The dependency of this constructor will work:

public AccountController(UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager, SignInManager<ApplicationUser> signInManager)

这个不会:

public AccountController(ApplicationUserManager userManager, SignInManager<ApplicationUser> signInManager)

有人知道我做错了什么吗?

Anyone has an idea on what I'm doing wrong?

推荐答案

一般来说，DI 是为接口驱动开发而设计的；.AddUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>() 指定实现 UserManager<>，而不是服务接口.这意味着它仍然希望您获得 UserManager 并仅以这种方式使用它；它会给你一个 ApplicationUserManager.

DI in general is intended for interface-driven development; .AddUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>() specifies an implementation UserManager<>, not the service interface. That means that it's still expecting you to get UserManager<ApplicationUser> and only use it that way; it'll give you an ApplicationUserManager.

我假设您想在 ApplicationUserManager 上使用其他方法.如果不是， 按照它的工作方式使用依赖构造器，享受接口驱动的开发.如果是，你有3个选择:

I'm assuming that you have additional methods you want to use on your ApplicationUserManager. If not, just use the dependency constructor the way it works and enjoy the interface-driven development. If so, you have 3 options:

1. 通过组合而不是继承使用扩展. 与其从 UserManager<> 继承，不如将 ApplicationUserManager 编写为包装类;您可以将其包含在构造函数中.这应该为您提供 ApplicationUserManager 中所需的所有功能.

1. Use extension via composition rather than inheritance. Rather than inheriting from UserManager<>, write ApplicationUserManager as a wrapper class; you can include it in the constructor. This should give you all the functionality you need inside of the ApplicationUserManager.

您自己将其按原样添加到 DI 框架中. 这并不像听起来那么难，因为 UserManager<> 没有真正的状态本身:

Add it as-is to the DI framework yourself. This isn't as difficult as it sounds, since the UserManager<> has no real state itself:

services.AddScoped<ApplicationUserManager>();

这里的缺点是您实际上将有两个 UserManager<> 对象用于用户的范围；结果可能会导致一些效率低下.从当前代码的状态来看，我认为不是.

The disadvantage here is that you'll actually have two UserManager<> objects for the user's scope; there could be some inefficiencies as a result. From the state of the current code, I don't think it is.

将其编写为扩展方法.如果您有许多依赖项，而不仅仅是 UserManager<> 的基本功能，这可能真的是复杂.

Write it as extension methods. If you have a number of dependencies and not just the UserManager<>'s base functionality, this could be really complex.

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