如何使用 C#/LINQ 将 XML 转换为 JSON?

问题描述

我有以下需要在服务器中转换为 JSON 的 XML 文件.最初我以为我会将它转换为字典，然后使用 JavaScriptSerializer 将其转换为 JSON，但由于每列可能有不同的值类型，我认为它不会起作用.以前有人在 C#/LINQ 中做过类似的事情吗?

I have the following XML file that I need to convert to JSON in the server. Initially I thought I would convert it to a Dictionary and then use the JavaScriptSerializer to turn it into JSON but since each column could have a different value type, I don't think it would work. Has anyone done something similar before in C#/LINQ?

我需要保留每列的值类型(布尔、字符串、整数).

I need to preserve the Value Types(Boolean, String, Integer) of each column.

如果我刚刚开始使用 XML，我将不胜感激.谢谢.

I would appreciate any advice on this as Im just starting to work with XML. Thanks.

<Columns>
 <Column Name="key1" DataType="Boolean">True</Column>
 <Column Name="key2" DataType="String">Hello World</Column>
 <Column Name="key3" DataType="Integer">999</Column>
</Columns>

推荐答案

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
using System.Xml.Linq;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var xml = 
        @"<Columns>
          <Column Name=""key1"" DataType=""Boolean"">True</Column>
          <Column Name=""key2"" DataType=""String"">Hello World</Column>
          <Column Name=""key3"" DataType=""Integer"">999</Column>
        </Columns>";
        var dic = XDocument
            .Parse(xml)
            .Descendants("Column")
            .ToDictionary(
                c => c.Attribute("Name").Value, 
                c => c.Value
            );
        var json = new JavaScriptSerializer().Serialize(dic);
        Console.WriteLine(json);
    }
}

产生:

{"key1":"True","key2":"Hello World","key3":"999"}

显然，这会将所有值都视为字符串.如果您想保留底层类型语义，您可以执行以下操作:

Obviously this treats all the values as strings. If you want to keep the underlying type semantics you could do the following:

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
using System.Xml.Linq;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var xml = 
        @"<Columns>
          <Column Name=""key1"" DataType=""System.Boolean"">True</Column>
          <Column Name=""key2"" DataType=""System.String"">Hello World</Column>
          <Column Name=""key3"" DataType=""System.Int32"">999</Column>
        </Columns>";
        var dic = XDocument
            .Parse(xml)
            .Descendants("Column")
            .ToDictionary(
                c => c.Attribute("Name").Value, 
                c => Convert.ChangeType(
                    c.Value,
                    typeof(string).Assembly.GetType(c.Attribute("DataType").Value, true)
                )
            );
        var json = new JavaScriptSerializer().Serialize(dic);
        Console.WriteLine(json);
    }
}

产生:

{"key1":true,"key2":"Hello World","key3":999}

如果您无法修改底层 XML 结构，您将需要一个自定义函数，该函数将在您的自定义类型和底层 .NET 类型之间进行转换:

And if you cannot modify the underlying XML structure you will need a custom function that will convert between your custom types and the underlying .NET type:

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
using System.Xml.Linq;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var xml = 
        @"<Columns>
          <Column Name=""key1"" DataType=""Boolean"">True</Column>
          <Column Name=""key2"" DataType=""String"">Hello World</Column>
          <Column Name=""key3"" DataType=""Integer"">999</Column>
        </Columns>";
        var dic = XDocument
            .Parse(xml)
            .Descendants("Column")
            .ToDictionary(
                c => c.Attribute("Name").Value, 
                c => Convert.ChangeType(
                    c.Value, 
                    GetType(c.Attribute("DataType").Value)
                )
            );
        var json = new JavaScriptSerializer().Serialize(dic);
        Console.WriteLine(json);
    }

    private static Type GetType(string type)
    {
        switch (type)
        {
            case "Integer":
                return typeof(int);
            case "String":
                return typeof(string);
            case "Boolean":
                return typeof(bool);
            // TODO: add any other types that you want to support
            default:
                throw new NotSupportedException(
                    string.Format("The type {0} is not supported", type)
                );
        }
    }
}

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