假设我需要从 1000000 个随机数值序列中检索中位数.
Let's say I need to retrieve the median from a sequence of 1000000 random numeric values.
如果使用任何但 std::list
,我没有(内置)方法来对序列进行排序以进行中位数计算.
If using anything but std::list
, I have no (built-in) way to sort sequence for median calculation.
如果使用 std::list
,我无法随机访问值来检索排序序列的中间(中值).
If using std::list
, I can't randomly access values to retrieve middle (median) of sorted sequence.
自己实现排序并使用例如更好吗?std::vector
,还是使用 std::list
和使用 std::list::iterator
for-loop-步行到中值?后者看起来不那么开销,但也感觉更难看..
Is it better to implement sorting myself and go with e.g. std::vector
, or is it better to use std::list
and use std::list::iterator
to for-loop-walk to the median value? The latter seems less overheadish, but also feels more ugly..
或者对我来说有更多更好的选择吗?
Or are there more and better alternatives for me?
任何随机访问容器(如 std::vector
)都可以使用标准的 std::sort
算法,在 标头中可用.
Any random-access container (like std::vector
) can be sorted with the standard std::sort
algorithm, available in the <algorithm>
header.
为了求中位数,使用std::nth_element
会更快;这足以将一个选定的元素放在正确的位置,但并没有完全对容器进行排序.所以你可以找到这样的中位数:
For finding the median, it would be quicker to use std::nth_element
; this does enough of a sort to put one chosen element in the correct position, but doesn't completely sort the container. So you could find the median like this:
int median(vector<int> &v)
{
size_t n = v.size() / 2;
nth_element(v.begin(), v.begin()+n, v.end());
return v[n];
}
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